Existential isolation dawns when the awareness hits that you are fundamentally alone, truly and ultimately. You get this when everything stops being distracting, though not everyone feels it because there are many distractions nowadays.  It’s understanding that you’re stuck in your own body, and even with people around, you started life alone and will end it alone. Human Existential Concerns Irvin Yalom (1980) propelled existential psychotherapy to the forefront of modern approaches in addressing human existential concerns. He elucidated the four fundamental human existential concerns, often termed “the ultimate concerns of human existence.” These include:  Death Acknowledging the inevitability of…

Different ways of interacting and behaving in relationships characterize attachment styles. In early childhood, these styles focus on the interaction between children and caregivers. In Western society, the most common type of attachment is the secure attachment style. What is Secure Attachment Individuals with this attachment style are self-contented, social, warm, and easily forge connections. They are adept at acknowledging and expressing their emotions, often cultivating profound, meaningful, and enduring relationships. Moreover, adults with a secure attachment style are generally well-regarded in professional settings. For parents aspiring to raise securely attached children, delving into research on the subject and addressing any…

Effective communication recognizes that everyone has specific relationship needs influenced by their attachment style. These needs, neither good nor bad, simply exist. If you’re anxious, you strongly desire closeness and constant reassurance of your partner’s love and respect. If you’re avoidant, you seek some emotional or physical distance, valuing a significant degree of separateness. To foster happiness in a relationship, it’s crucial to clearly communicate our attachment needs without resorting to attacks or defensiveness. What Does Effective Communication Achieve Effective communication serves the following key purposes in a relationship: Selecting the Right Partner Engaging in effective communication is the most…

Navigating relationships proves challenging due to the diverse types of relationships and forms of love. What works well for one couple may not be effective for another. Ideally, relationships thrive when all partners’ needs are met in a balanced manner. However, if the scales tilt too far in one direction, you may find yourself entangled in a codependent relationship. This type of dependence is prevalent in relationships where one party struggles with addiction, such as alcohol or other substances. In fact, the term codependency originated in the field of chemical dependency, coined in the 1950s within the context of Alcoholics…

Sometimes, we all experience a touch of anxiety in relationships. You might find yourself overanalyzing a text, feeling uneasy when plans change unexpectedly, or even panicking if your partner appears distant. However, for some individuals, anxiety in relationships takes the form of protest behaviors – reacting excessively due to a fear of abandonment. Individuals with an anxious attachment style are particularly susceptible to these emotional outbursts. Their deep-seated concerns about separation or abandonment cause them to perceive threats that may not actually exist. Those with an anxious attachment style also commonly face challenges in effective and direct communication. Consequently, their…

PCOS, a complex and varied endocrine disorder, commonly affects 4-12% of women in their reproductive years. Women experiencing PCOS may express concerns about diverse clinical symptoms such as irregular menstrual cycles, excessive hair growth (hirsutism), acne, and challenges with fertility. It is also linked to various health issues, including obesity, insulin resistance, type II diabetes, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and endometrial carcinoma. Although not universal, making lifestyle changes can reduce the likelihood of experiencing these effects for women with PCOS Benefits of Exercise in PCOS Women with PCOS often encounter higher levels of insulin resistance…

Attitudes encompass a person’s mental and emotional orientation toward something, influencing their thoughts, feelings, and actions concerning that particular subject. They serve 4 functions: Knowledge, Utilitarian, Ego defense, and Value expressive.

Confirmation bias is a cognitive tendency where individuals subconsciously prioritize and give more weight to evidence that aligns with their existing beliefs. This bias serves as a mental shortcut in the information-gathering process, allowing the brain to conserve time and energy. 

Heuristics are quick mental shortcuts enabling rapid judgment based on generalizations or rules of thumb. They emerge automatically as efficient responses to problems or decisions, freeing up our mental energy for other tasks.

Biological Reductionism is the idea that states that human psychology can be reduced to biology. Critics of reductionism often argue that this approach oversimplifies complex phenomena.